The writing-mode property determines block flow direction and line orientation — whether text flows horizontally or vertically, and how blocks stack. Fundamental for CJK support and vertical layouts..vertical {
writing-mode: vertical-rl;
}.japanese-text {
writing-mode: vertical-rl;
text-orientation: mixed;
}horizontal-tbThe default value. Top-to-bottom block flow; horizontal lines (Latin, Hebrew, Arabic).vertical-rlRight-to-left block flow; vertical lines (traditional Japanese, Chinese).vertical-lrLeft-to-right block flow; vertical lines (Mongolian, Manchu).sideways-rlRight-to-left block flow; text rotated 90° (good for Latin headings in vertical layouts).sideways-lrLeft-to-right block flow; text rotated 90°.CSS Writing Modes Module Level 4Editor's DraftW3CMDNCSS css aBcDeF 123Show all codeEdit CSS onlineThe plugin that remembers hundreds of CSS items for youEvery CSS property — in a live demonstrationThe bilingual CSS referencedefinitionexamplessyntaxmodulespecificationsourcesvisual demonstrationpreviousnext
